- Patients diagnosed with brain tumours (benign or malignant)
- Individuals experiencing chronic back or neck pain unresponsive to conservative treatment
- Those with herniated discs causing nerve compression
- Patients with spinal stenosis or degenerative spine conditions
- Individuals diagnosed with cerebrovascular conditions (aneurysms, arteriovenous malformations)
- Those experiencing peripheral nerve disorders (carpal tunnel syndrome, nerve injuries)
- Patients with movement disorders (Parkinson’s disease, essential tremor)
- Individuals with congenital neurological conditions
- Those who have suffered traumatic brain or spinal injuries
Neurosurgeon in Singapore
Living with neurological conditions affecting your brain or spine can significantly impact your quality of life. Whether you’re experiencing chronic back pain, dealing with a brain tumour diagnosis, or facing nerve compression issues, finding appropriate neurosurgical care is important for your treatment journey. In Singapore, MOH-accredited neurosurgeons provide comprehensive care for a wide range of neurological conditions, utilising both surgical and non-surgical approaches to help manage patient conditions.
*Individual results and treatment outcomes may vary.*
Dr. Teo Kejia
MBBS (Singapore) | MRCS (Edinburgh) | FAMS (Neuro.Surg) | FRCS Ed (Neuro.Surg) | IFAANS
What is Neurosurgery?
Neurosurgery is a specialised medical field focusing on the diagnosis and treatment of disorders affecting the nervous system, including the brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, and cerebrovascular system. Neurosurgeons are MOH-accredited medical specialists who complete extensive education and training, including medical school, general surgery residency, and specialised neurosurgical residency programmes.
In Singapore, neurosurgeons treat various conditions ranging from brain tumours and spinal disorders to traumatic injuries and congenital abnormalities. These specialists provide both surgical and non-surgical treatment options with comprehensive management plans. They work closely with neurologists, oncologists, and rehabilitation specialists to deliver holistic care for neurological conditions.
Contemporary neurosurgery incorporates diagnostic tools and treatment technologies. From microscopic surgery techniques to computer-assisted navigation systems, neurosurgeons employ various approaches to treat conditions whilst aiming to minimise risks.
*Individual results and timelines may vary.*
Who Should See a Neurosurgeon?
Ideal Candidates
When to Seek Neurosurgical Consultation
- Persistent headaches with neurological symptoms
- Progressive weakness or numbness in limbs
- Loss of bladder or bowel control
- Severe, unrelenting back or neck pain
- Diagnosed brain or spinal tumours requiring evaluation
- Failed conservative treatments for spine conditions
- Traumatic injuries to the head or spine
A neurosurgeon can evaluate your condition, even if surgery isn’t ultimately required. Many neurological conditions may be managed with non-surgical approaches, and neurosurgeons are trained to determine the appropriate treatment path for each patient’s specific situation.
Neurosurgical Techniques & Approaches
Microscopic Neurosurgery |
Microscopic neurosurgery uses high-powered surgical microscopes to provide enhanced visualisation during delicate procedures. This technique allows neurosurgeons to operate on small structures with precision, particularly for brain tumour removal, aneurysm clipping, and spinal cord procedures. The magnification enables surgeons to distinguish between healthy and abnormal tissue. |
Endoscopic Techniques |
Endoscopic neurosurgery involves using small cameras and instruments inserted through minimal incisions or natural openings. This approach is used for pituitary tumour removal, ventricular procedures, and certain spine surgeries. Endoscopic techniques may result in less tissue disruption, reduced post-operative pain, and potentially faster recovery times compared to traditional open surgery.
*Individual results and timelines may vary.* |
Navigation and Monitoring Systems |
Computer-assisted navigation systems function like GPS for the brain and spine, helping neurosurgeons plan and execute procedures with enhanced accuracy. Intraoperative monitoring tracks nerve function during surgery, alerting surgeons to potential complications in real-time. These technologies may be valuable for tumour resections near critical brain areas and complex spine procedures. |
Wondering which neurosurgical approach might be suitable for your condition?
Our MOH-accredited neurosurgeon can evaluate your specific needs and discuss available techniques.
Common Neurosurgical Procedures
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Brain Surgery Procedures
Modern brain surgery encompasses various procedures to treat tumours, vascular abnormalities, and functional disorders. Craniotomy, a common approach, involves creating a temporary opening in the skull to access the brain. Neurosurgeons may perform tumour resections, aneurysm clipping, or epilepsy surgery through these planned openings. Contemporary techniques, including keyhole surgery and endoscopic approaches, may help reduce recovery time and minimise scarring.
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Spinal Surgery Procedures
Spine procedures address conditions affecting the vertebrae, discs, and spinal cord. Common surgeries include discectomy for herniated discs, laminectomy for spinal stenosis, and spinal fusion for instability. Neurosurgeons also perform contemporary spine surgery using tubular retractors and microscopic techniques. These approaches treat conditions whilst preserving surrounding muscles and tissues, which may help support recovery and reduce post-operative discomfort.
*Individual results and timelines may vary.*
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Peripheral Nerve Surgery
Peripheral nerve procedures treat conditions affecting nerves outside the brain and spinal cord. Carpal tunnel release, ulnar nerve transposition, and nerve repair surgeries aim to restore function and relieve pain. Neurosurgeons use microscopic techniques to decompress or repair damaged nerves, which may help improve symptoms. These procedures involve smaller incisions and recovery periods compared to major spine or brain surgeries.
*Individual results and timelines may vary.*
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Functional Neurosurgery
Functional neurosurgery treats neurological conditions that affect movement, pain, or other functions. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) for Parkinson’s disease and essential tremor involves implanting electrodes to modulate abnormal brain activity. Spinal cord stimulation aims to help manage chronic pain conditions. These procedures may help improve quality of life for patients with difficult-to-treat conditions.
*Individual results and timelines may vary.*
The Consultation & Treatment Process
Initial Consultation
Your first appointment with a neurosurgeon involves a comprehensive evaluation of your condition. The surgeon will review your medical history, perform a neurological examination, and analyse any existing imaging studies. Additional tests such as MRI, CT scans, or nerve conduction studies may be ordered to gather more information. This assessment helps determine an appropriate treatment approach.
Treatment Planning
Following diagnosis, your neurosurgeon will discuss treatment options, which may include both surgical and non-surgical approaches. Conservative treatments like medication, physical therapy, or injections are often considered first for many conditions. If surgery is recommended, the surgeon will explain the procedure, potential outcomes, possible risks, and recovery process. You’ll have opportunities to ask questions and understand all aspects of your treatment plan. *Individual results and timelines may vary.*
Surgical Preparation
If surgery is necessary, pre-operative preparation includes medical clearance, blood tests, and imaging studies. You’ll receive specific instructions about medications, fasting requirements, and what to bring to the hospital. The surgical team will review the procedure again and obtain informed consent. Anaesthesia options will be discussed, ranging from local anaesthesia for minor procedures to general anaesthesia for major surgeries.
Consult with our MOH-accredited neurosurgeon about neurosurgical treatment options.
Schedule a comprehensive evaluation today.
Recovery & Post-Operative Care
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Immediate Post-Surgery Phase
After neurosurgery, patients are monitored closely in a specialised unit. The immediate recovery period varies depending on the procedure’s complexity. Brain surgery patients may spend time in the intensive care unit for close neurological monitoring. Pain management, wound care, and early mobilisation are prioritised to promote healing and prevent complications. Patients may begin gentle activities within 24-48 hours under supervision, though individual timelines vary.
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Hospital Recovery
During the hospital stay, the neurosurgical team monitors progress daily. Physical therapists may begin rehabilitation exercises to restore strength and function. Occupational therapists help with daily activities if needed. Hospitalisation length varies from same-day discharge for minor procedures to several days for complex surgeries. Discharge planning aims to prepare patients for home recovery with appropriate support and follow-up arrangements.
*Individual results and timelines may vary.*
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Home Recovery Guidelines
Home recovery requires following specific instructions regarding activity levels, wound care, and medication management. Patients may gradually increase activities over several weeks. Driving restrictions apply until cleared by the surgeon. Warning signs requiring immediate medical attention include severe headaches, vision changes, weakness, or signs of infection. Regular follow-up appointments track progress and address concerns.
*Individual recovery experiences may vary.*
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Long-term Recovery
Complete recovery timelines vary significantly based on the procedure and individual factors. Minor procedures may require weeks of recovery, while major brain or complex spine surgeries may take months. Physical therapy often continues during this period to support function. Patients may return to work and normal activities gradually, with specific timelines determined by their surgeon based on healing progress. *Individual results and timelines may vary.*
Benefits of Neurosurgical Treatment
Neurosurgical intervention may provide benefits for appropriate candidates. Brain tumour removal aims to address the underlying condition and may help reduce symptoms like headaches, seizures, or neurological deficits. Spine surgery can help provide pain relief and support function for patients who haven’t responded to conservative treatments. Patients may experience improved mobility, reduced dependence on pain medications, and enhanced quality of life.
For functional disorders, neurosurgical treatments may help improve symptoms. Deep brain stimulation can help reduce tremors and support movement in Parkinson’s patients. Epilepsy surgery aims to reduce seizures. Peripheral nerve procedures may help restore sensation and strength. Patients may experience improvements following neurosurgical treatment, though outcomes depend on individual factors and the specific condition being treated.
*Individual results and timelines may vary.*
Risks & Potential Complications
Common Post-Operative Effects
Typical post-surgical effects include pain at the surgical site, temporary swelling, and fatigue. These are expected parts of the healing process and may resolve within days to weeks. Mild headaches after brain surgery or temporary muscle weakness after spine procedures can occur. Pain medication and proper rest may help manage these symptoms.
*Individual experiences and recovery timelines may vary.*
Potential Surgical Risks
Neurosurgery, like all surgical procedures, carries inherent risks. Infection, though managed with proper sterile technique, remains a possibility. Bleeding or blood clots can occur and require monitoring and treatment. Neurological complications may include weakness, numbness, or other deficits. Anaesthesia-related risks are assessed and monitored during the pre-operative and operative periods.
Neurosurgeons take precautions to minimise risks through modern imaging and navigation technologies to help avoid critical structures. Intraoperative monitoring can alert surgeons to potential nerve changes. Surgical technique and post-operative protocols aim to reduce complications. No surgery is risk-free, and following all pre and post-operative instructions may help improve safety and outcomes.
*Individual results and experiences may vary.*
Cost Considerations
Neurosurgical treatment costs in Singapore vary significantly based on the procedure’s complexity, technology required, and length of hospitalisation. Factors influencing cost include pre-operative investigations, surgical time, specialised equipment or implants, intensive care requirements, and post-operative rehabilitation needs. Different procedures have varying cost ranges depending on their complexity.
Treatment packages typically include surgeon fees, anaesthesia charges, operating theatre costs, hospital accommodation, and basic investigations. Additional costs may arise from specialised imaging, extended ICU stays, or prolonged rehabilitation. Choosing a MOH-accredited neurosurgeon may involve different fee structures. A detailed cost estimate will be provided during your consultation based on your specific treatment needs.
*Individual treatment costs vary based on specific medical requirements and circumstances.*
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
When should I see a neurosurgeon versus a neurologist?
Neurologists diagnose and treat neurological conditions using medications and non-surgical approaches. Neurosurgeons are consulted when surgical intervention might be necessary or when procedures like injections may be required. Many patients see both specialists, with neurologists managing medical treatment and neurosurgeons handling surgical aspects. Your primary doctor can advise which specialist may be most appropriate for your initial consultation.
How long does recovery from neurosurgery take?
Recovery time varies greatly depending on the specific procedure and individual factors. Minor procedures may require several weeks for basic recovery. Spine surgeries may need several weeks to months for initial healing, with full recovery potentially taking longer. Major brain surgeries may require several months of recovery and rehabilitation. Your neurosurgeon will provide specific timelines based on your procedure and individual factors affecting healing.
*Individual results and timelines may vary.*
Are all brain and spine conditions treated with surgery?
No, many neurological conditions can be managed without surgery. Neurosurgeons often recommend conservative treatments first, including medications, physical therapy, injections, or lifestyle modifications. Surgery may be considered when these measures fail to provide adequate relief or when the condition poses immediate risks. Even conditions traditionally requiring surgery may sometimes be managed non-operatively with modern treatment approaches.
What should I bring to my first neurosurgical consultation?
Bring all relevant medical records, including previous imaging studies (MRI, CT scans, X-rays) on CD or digital format. Include a list of current medications, medical history summary, and any previous treatment records. Write down your symptoms, including when they started and what makes them better or worse. Having this information helps your neurosurgeon make an assessment and recommend appropriate treatment options.
Can minimally invasive techniques be used for all neurosurgical procedures?
While minimally invasive techniques have expanded, not all conditions are suitable for these approaches. Factors including tumour size and location, spinal anatomy, and specific pathology determine technique suitability. Your neurosurgeon will recommend the approach that may offer a good chance of success whilst aiming to minimise risks. Sometimes traditional open surgery remains a safe and effective option despite requiring longer recovery.
How do I prepare for neurosurgery?
Preparation involves several steps including pre-operative medical clearance, stopping certain medications as directed, and arranging post-operative support. You’ll receive specific instructions about fasting before surgery and what to bring to the hospital. Optimising your general health through proper nutrition and stopping smoking (if applicable) may improve surgical outcomes. Mental preparation through understanding your procedure and having realistic expectations is equally important.
Conclusion
Consulting a neurosurgeon in Singapore is an important step in addressing neurological conditions affecting your brain or spine. With access to MOH-accredited neurosurgeons and modern treatment facilities, patients can receive comprehensive care tailored to their specific needs. Whether your condition may require surgical intervention or can be managed through conservative approaches, a thorough evaluation by a qualified neurosurgeon can help determine appropriate treatment recommendations.
Neurosurgical consultation doesn’t always lead to surgery. These specialists evaluate all treatment options and recommend the most appropriate approach for your condition. With proper diagnosis, treatment planning, and follow-up care, patients may achieve improvement in their symptoms and quality of life.
*Individual results and timelines may vary.*
Ready to Take the Next Step?
If you’re experiencing neurological symptoms or have been diagnosed with a brain or spine condition, our MOH-accredited neurosurgeons can help you understand your treatment options. With experience in both surgical and non-surgical management of neurological conditions, we provide personalised care throughout your treatment journey.
Dr. Teo Kejia
MBBS (Singapore)|MRCS (Edinburgh)|FAMS (Neuro.Surg)|FRCS Ed (Neuro.Surg)|IFAANS
Dr. Teo’s expertise lies in complex brain tumour surgeries employing advanced techniques like brain mapping and awake brain surgery. He also manages neurovascular conditions, traumatic head injuries and spinal disorders.
- Dr. Teo graduated from the National University of Singapore with a Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery in 2006. He completed his general surgery training and advanced neurosurgery training at the National University Hospital Singapore. He furthered his education in the United Kingdom, obtaining advanced certifications and completing specialist training in various neurosurgical disciplines.
- Dr. Teo’s AMDA award facilitated his training at Queen’s Hospital in London, where he specialized in functional neurosurgery, neuro-oncology, neurovascular, skull base, and spinal surgery. He also underwent fellowship training in brain mapping and awake brain surgery at renowned institutions in Italy and France, working with leading experts in the field.
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